sclerotherapy
Sclerotherapy is a nonsurgical treatment for spider veins that involves injecting a medical grade detergent-like solution into the vein, causing the lining of the vein wall to swell, stick together and ultimately seal shut. Once the vein is sealed, the flow of blood is stopped and scar tissue develops in the vein. With the diseased vein sealed, blood is forced into healthier veins. The treated vein is absorbed and eventually becomes nearly invisible. Sclerotherapy may need to be performed multiple times over the course of weeks or months to achieve the desired results.
Sclerotherapy is commonly used to treat small veins or to improve the appearance of larger veins after more invasive corrective surgery. Most studies demonstrate that patients will experience a 50%-90% improvement in the appearance of varicose veins if the procedure is performed correctly. The procedure is minimally invasive, does not require anesthesia and can be performed in a doctor's office.
Side effects of sclerotherapy may include mild stinging, bruising, and rashes around the injection site. These symptoms usually disappear. Very occasionally, allergic reactions can occur. Additionally, the vein could become inflamed or lumps of coagulated blood may develop. These symptoms are not dangerous and can usually be decreased by applying heat, taking aspirin or antibiotics to relieve inflammation or by draining the coagulated blood.
Other complications such as hyperpigmentation, matting, and skin ulceration can occur.
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